Description

A renal transplant, or kidney transplant, is a surgical procedure where a healthy kidney from a donor is placed into a patient with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or severe kidney dysfunction. This is considered the best treatment for kidney failure compared to dialysis, as it provides a better quality of life and longer survival rates. Types of Kidney Transplants Living Donor Transplant The kidney comes from a living person (usually a relative or friend). Offers better success rates and quicker transplantation. Deceased Donor Transplant The kidney comes from a donor who has recently passed away. Patients are placed on a waiting list, which can take years. Preemptive Kidney Transplant Performed before the patient starts dialysis. Leads to better long-term outcomes. Indications for Kidney Transplant Chronic kidney disease (CKD) or ESRD due to conditions such as: Diabetes Hypertension Polycystic kidney disease Glomerulonephritis Pre-Transplant Evaluation Blood tests (HLA typing, crossmatch, and panel-reactive antibodies) Medical imaging to assess kidney function and overall health Psychological and financial evaluation Surgical Procedure The donor kidney is placed in the lower abdomen (not in the original kidney location). Blood vessels of the new kidney are connected to the recipient’s blood supply. The ureter is connected to the bladder for urine flow. Post-Transplant Care Immunosuppressive medications to prevent rejection (e.g., tacrolimus, mycophenolate, prednisone). Regular monitoring to check kidney function and detect rejection early. Lifestyle changes (healthy diet, exercise, infection prevention). Complications Rejection (acute or chronic) Infections due to immunosuppression Surgical complications (bleeding, clot formation) Recurrence of original kidney disease Benefits of Kidney Transplant Over Dialysis Better survival rates Improved quality of life Greater energy levels and fewer dietary restrictions

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